แจกไฟล์ฟรี แผนการจัดการเรียนรู้ บูรณาการเศรษฐกิจพอเพียง ไฟล์ Word ป1 – ม.3
แจกไฟล์ฟรี แผนการจัดการเรียนรู้ บูรณาการเศรษฐกิจพอเพียง ไฟล์ Word ป1 – ม.3
ตัวอย่างไฟล์
เศรษฐกิจพอเพียงคืออะไร
“เศรษฐกิจ พอเพียง” เป็นปรัชญาที่พระบาทสมเด็จพระเจ้าอยู่หัวทรงมีพระราชดำรัสชี้แนะแนวทางการดำเนินชีวิตแก่ พสกนิกรชาวไทยมาโดยตลอดนานกว่า ๒๕ ปี ตั้งแต่ก่อนวิกฤติการณ์ทางเศรษฐกิจ และเมื่อภายหลังได้ทรงเน้นย้ำแนวทางการแก้ไขเพื่อให้รอดพ้น และสามารถดำรงอยู่ได้อย่างมั่นคงและยั่งยืนภายใต้กระแสโลกาภิวัตน์และความเปลี่ยนแปลงต่าง ๆ
ความพอประมาณ
คือ การดำรงชีวิตให้เหมาะสม ซึ่งเราควรจะมีความพอประมาณทั้งการหารายได้ และพอประมาณในการใช้จ่าย ความพอประมาณในการหารายได้ คือ ทำงานหารายได้ด้วยช่องทางสุจริต ทำงานให้เต็มความสามารถ ไม่เบียดเบียนผู้อื่น ส่วนความพอประมาณในการใช้จ่าย หมายถึง การใช้จ่ายให้เหมาะกับฐานะความเป็นอยู่ ไม่ใช้จ่ายฟุ่มเฟือยหรือใช้จ่ายเกินตัว และในขณะเดียวกัน ก็ใช้จ่ายในการดูแลตนเอง และครอบครัวอย่างเหมาะสม
ไม่อยู่อย่างลำบาก และฝืดเคืองจนเกินไป
ความมีเหตุผล
ไม่ว่าจะเป็นการทำธุรกิจ หรือการดำรงชีวิตประจำวัน เราจำเป็นต้องมีการตัดสินใจตลอดเวลา ซึ่งการตัดสินใจที่ดี ควรตั้งอยู่บนการไตร่ตรองถึงเหตุ รวมทั้งคำนึงถึงผลที่อาจตามมาจากการตัดสินใจอย่างรอบคอบ
ไม่ใช่ตัดสินใจตามอารมณ์ หรือจากสิ่งที่คนอื่นบอกมาโดยปราศจากการวิเคราะห์
การมีภูมิคุ้มกันที่ดี
คือ การเตรียมตัวให้พร้อมรับกับความเปลี่ยนแปลง ในโลกที่ไม่มีอะไรแน่นอน ทั้งสภาพลม ฟ้า อากาศที่ไม่เอื้ออำนวยต่อการทำเกษตร การเปลี่ยนแปลงในบริษัทคู่ค้า การเลิกจ้างพนักงานในบริษัทใหญ่ หรือแม้แต่ความไม่แน่นอนของสถานการณ์ทั้งในและต่างประเทศที่มีผลต่อการลงทุน เราจึงจำเป็นต้องเรียนรู้ที่จะดำรงอยู่ได้ด้วยการพึ่งพาตนเอง และตั้งอยู่ในความไม่ประมาทอยู่เสมอ เช่น เตรียมแผนสำรองสำหรับแต่ละสถานการณ์ การมีรายได้หลายทางเพื่อลดความเสี่ยงในวันที่ถูกเลิกจ้าง หรือการกระจายความเสี่ยงในการลงทุน
โดยการดำรงชีวิตตามหลักการทั้งสามข้อนั้น จำเป็นต้องมีความรู้และคุณธรรมประกอบด้วย ความรู้ช่วยสร้างภูมิคุ้มกันที่เหมาะสม เช่น ความรู้ในการประกอบวิชาชีพช่วยให้ธุรกิจและการงานเจริญก้าวหน้า หรือความรู้ในการลงทุนช่วยสร้างภูมิคุ้มกันให้นักลงทุน ทั้งนี้ ความรู้และประสบการณ์ จะช่วยทำให้เราตัดสินใจได้อย่างเป็นเหตุเป็นผล ถึงแม้ว่า พื้นฐานความคิดและประสบการณ์ที่แตกต่างกันอาจทำให้เหตุผลของแต่ละคนนั้นแตกต่างกัน แต่หากทุกคนยึดมั่นอยู่ในหลักคุณธรรม ก็จะทำให้การอยู่ร่วมกันในสังคมเป็นไปอย่างสงบสุข
อย่างที่กล่าวมาข้างต้น การพึ่งพาตัวเองได้เป็นเพียงส่วนเริ่มต้นของการพัฒนาเศรษฐกิจ พอเพียง โดยเมื่อทุกคนสามารถดูแลตัวเอง และครอบครัวได้แล้ว ขั้นต่อไปอาจทำการพัฒนาธุรกิจ โดยมีการรวมกลุ่มกันในวิชาชีพเดียวกัน เพื่อแลกเปลี่ยนความรู้และให้ความช่วยเหลือซึ่งกันและกัน ในการรวมกลุ่มกันนั้น ไม่จำกัดเฉพาะการรวมกลุ่มของชาวบ้าน เกษตรกร ในรูปของสหกรณ์ การทำงานในเมืองก็สามารถมีการรวมกลุ่มกันได้ เช่น การแบ่งปันความรู้ ประสบการณ์ในการทำธุรกิจของกลุ่มอุตสาหกรรมเดียวกัน การแลกเปลี่ยนแนวคิดการลงทุน เพื่อเป็นการต่อยอดความรู้ รวมไปจนถึงการแบ่งปันความช่วยเหลือส่งกลับคืนสู่สังคม ไปสู่กลุ่มที่ยังต้องการความช่วยเหลืออยู่ เช่น กิจกรรมจิตอาสา เพื่อสร้างสังคมที่เข้มแข็งและอยู่ร่วมกันอย่างสงบสุข
จะเห็นได้ว่า แนวคิดเศรษฐกิจ พอเพียงนั้น เป็นแนวคิดที่ตั้งอยู่บนความไม่ประมาท ด้วยการใช้ความรู้และคุณธรรม เพื่อให้เกิดการพึ่งพาตัวเองได้ และเผื่อแผ่ไปถึงสังคม ซึ่งเราสามารถนำหลักการปฏิบัติไปปรับใช้ได้ทั้งในชีวิตการทำงาน และการดำรงชีวิตครับ
ดาวน์โหลดแผนการจัดการเรียนรู้เศรษฐกิจพอเพียง
ขอขอบคุณที่มา :: เว็บไซต์ ศน.นัยนา
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